| 📰 Title: | Zappa | 🕹️ / 🛠️ Type: | Tool |
|---|---|---|---|
| 🗃️ Genre: | Puzzle | 👁️ Visual: | Text |
| 🏷️ Category: | Puzzle ➤ Board Game ➤ Chess ➤ Engine ➤ UCI only | 🏝️ Perspective: | Third person |
| 🔖 Tags: | Puzzle; Board Game; Chess Engine; UCI Protocol | ⏱️ Pacing: | Turn-Based |
| 🐣️ Approx. start: | 2003-01-21 | 👫️ Played: | Single |
| 🐓️ Latest: | 2010-06-01 | 🚦 Status: | 05. Tested & Working (status) |
| 📍️ Version: | Latest (free version): 1.1 / Commercial : Zappa Mexico II / Zappa Rondo | ❤️ Like it: | 9. ⏳️ |
| 🏛️ License type: | 🎁 Freemium | 🎀️ Quality: | 2. 🏅️⭐⭐⭐⭐ (it works) |
| 🏛️ License: | Commercial | ✨️ (temporary): |  |
| 🐛️ Created: | 2010-08-20 | 🐜️ Updated: | 2024-06-22 |
| 📦️ Package name: | ..... 📦️ Arch: | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 📄️ Source: | ..... 📦️ RPM: | ||
| ⚙️ Generic binary: |  |
..... 📦️ Deb: | |
| 🌍️ Browser version: | ..... 📦️ AppImage: | ||
| 📱️ PDA support: | ..... 📦️ Flatpak: | ||
| ✨️ Not use: | ..... 📦️ Snap: |
| 📰 What's new?: | 👔️ Already shown: | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 💡 Lights on: | 💭️ New version published (to be updated): | ||
| 🎨️ Significant improvement: | 🦺️ Work in progress: | ||
| 🎖️ This work: |  |
🚧️ Some work remains to be done: | |
| 👫️ Contrib.: | goupildb & Louis | 👻️ Temporary: | |
| 🎰️ ID: | 13569 |
| 📜️[en]: | A commercial (version 1.1 is free) and multi-platform chess AI (an AI specialized in this type of games), quite powerful (estimated power for v.1 .1 to 2615 Elo ranked 162nd, and for the v. Mexico II to 2967 Elo ranked 75th, out of 2779 candidates at the CCRL 40/15, ranking "CCRL 404 - All engines" of January 16, 2021), communicating with the UCI protocol (the most common protocols are CECP aka Winboard/Xboard, and UCI). It had been ranked 1st in 2005 with the score of 10.5/11 at the WCCC (for World Computer Chess Championship). | 📜️[fr]: | Une IA de jeu d'échecs (une IA spécialisée dans ce type de jeux) commerciale (la version 1.1 est gratuite) et multi-plateforme, assez puissante (puissance estimée pour la v.1.1 à 2615 Elo classée 162ème, et pour la v. Mexico II à 2967 Elo classée 75ème, sur 2779 candidats au CCRL 40/15, classement "CCRL 404 - All engines" du 16 janvier 2021), communiquant avec le protocole UCI (les protocoles les plus courants sont CECP aka Winboard/Xboard, et UCI). Il avait été classé 1er en 2005 avec le score de 10.5/11 au WCCC (pour World Computer Chess Championship, le championnat du monde d'échecs des ordinateurs). |
|---|
🕯️ How To: (202xxx♺), (202xxx♺), (202xxx♺),
🎮️ Showcase: Rybka vs Zappa - Clash of the Computer Titans 2007, Zappa vs Rybka, 2005 Computer Chess Championships, Chess Championate 2015 Humbetov Mail-Zappa Mexico II,
🏡️ Website & videos
[Homepage] [Dev site] [Features/About] [Screenshots] [Videos t(202xxx) gd(202xxx) gu(202xxx) r(202xxx) lp(202xxx) ht(202xxx♺) g(202xxx♺) g(202xxx♺) g(202xxx♺) g[fr](202xxx) g[de](202xxx) g[ru](202xxx) g[pl](202xxx) g[cz](202xxx) g[sp](202xxx) g[pt](202xxx) g[it](202xxx) g[tr](202xxx)] [WIKI] [FAQ] [RSS] [Changelog 1 2 3]
💰 Commercial
• (distributed by Stefan Meyer-Kahlen, the author of Shredder): [Online store]
🍩️ Resources
• (empty):
🛠️ Technical informations
[PCGamingWiki] [MobyGames] [Chess Programming Wiki] [Computer Chess Rating Lists (CCRL)]
🦣️ Social
Devs (Anthony Edward Cozzie 1 2 [fr] [en]): [Site 1 2] [Chat] [mastodon] [PeerTube] [YouTube] [PressKit] [Interview 1(202xxx) 2(202xxx)]
The Project: [Blog] [Chat] [Forums] [mastodon] [PeerTube] [YouTube] [PressKit] [reddit] [Discord]
🐝️ Related
[Wikipedia (Zappa) [fr] [en] [de]]
📦️ Misc. repositories
[Repology] [pkgs.org] [Generic binary] [Arch Linux / AUR] [openSUSE] [Debian/Ubuntu] [Flatpak] [AppImage(author's repo)] [Snap] [PortableLinuxGames]
🕵️ Reviews
[HowLongToBeat] [metacritic] [OpenCritic] [iGDB] [OpenCritic] [iGDB]
🕊️ Source of this Entry: [Site (date)]
🦣️ Social Networking Update (on mastodon)
🛠️ Title:
🦊️ What's:
🏡️
🐣️
🔖
📦️
📖 Our entry: https://www.lebottindesjeuxlinux.tuxfamily.org/en/online/lights-on/
🥁️ Update:
⚗️
📌️ Changes:
🦣️ From: 🛜️
🏝️ https://www.youtube.com/embed/
🦉️ https://www.youtube.com/embed/
🦝️ https://www.youtube.com/embed/
🦝️ https://www.youtube.com/embed/
🕵️ https://www.youtube.com/embed/
🕯️https://www.youtube.com/embed/
🕯️https://www.youtube.com/embed/
🎲️ https://www.youtube.com/embed/
🎲️ https://www.youtube.com/embed/
🎲️ https://www.youtube.com/embed/
🎲️[fr] https://www.youtube.com/embed/
🎮️ https://www.youtube.com/embed/
🎮️ https://www.youtube.com/embed/
🐧https://www.youtube.com/embed/
🐧https://www.youtube.com/embed/
🕶️
📚️ Name is a
📜️ "A quite powerful commercial (version 1.1 is free) and multi-platform chess AI" 📜️ .
Zappa is a chess engine, or a program that plays chess. It is similar to Deep Blue - only much better - and is best known for its good parallel speedup. It has competed in many computer chess tournaments with its best result coming at the World Computer Chess Championship in 2005, where it took first place with the score of 10.5 / 11. Like Fritz or Shredder, it is a standard chess engine, which in technical terms means it is a brute force alpha-beta searcher with a heuristical evaluation.
You can buy a copy here. (See the site)
Retirement
The Zappa project is 100% finished. This includes both tournaments and future releases.
(...)
Features
Zappa Mexico can be used on Windows or Linux computers with up to 512 CPU cores. Unfortunately, the parallel implementation relies on shared memory, so you cannot hook two computers together with an ethernet cable and use them together, unless you are willing to give SGI several hundred thousand dollars. Zappa Mexico also supports multipv analysis, Nalimov tablebases, and as a UCI engine it can be used in most of the standard chess GUIs. To the best of my knowledge, not a single computer has caught fire while running Zappa.
(...)
Credits
Zappa is written entirely by me, Anthony Cozzie, but I have received a great deal of help from (in no particular order) Arturo Ochoa, Bob Hyatt, Bruce Moreland, Ed Schroeder, Erdogan Günes, Gunther Simon, Harvey Williamson, Jay Urbanski, Marek Baron, Stefan Meyer-Kahlen, Tord Romstad, Will Singleton, Vincent Diepeveen, Volker Pittlik, and Volker Richey.
Download
Zappa Mexico is commercial. You can buy a copy here. However, you can download an older version for free. It is a command line program without a graphical chessboard, so if the idea of typing commands by hand does not appeal to you, you will need to download a GUI. Arena is free; the commercial Chessbase (Fritz), Shredder, and ChessPartner GUIs should also work. For all you old-schoolers, Zappa does support WB2 and will work in XBoard or WinBoard. If you want to run engine-engine matches, you will also need to supply an opening book.
🌍️ Wikipedia:
Zappa, Zap!Chess or Zappa Mexico, is a UCI chess engine written by Anthony Cozzie, a graduate student at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The program emphasizes sound search and a good use of multiple processors. Earlier versions of Zappa are free (though not open-source software) and the current version (Zappa Mexico) is available at Shredder Computer Chess.
History
Zappa scored an upset victory at the World Computer Chess Championship in August, 2005, in Reykjavík, Iceland where it won with a score of 10½ out of 11, and beat both Junior and Shredder, programs that had won the championship many times. In the speed chess portion of the tournament Zappa placed second, after Shredder. Zappa's other tournament successes include winning CCT7 on the Internet Chess Club (ICC) and defeating Grandmaster Jaan Ehlvest 3-1.
In Mexico in September 2007 Zappa won a match against Rybka by a score of 5½ - 4½. Many commentators had predicted a slew of draws based on the strength of the engines, but the differences in style provided an interesting match with several decisive games and many fighting draws. For some time, Zappa was considered one of the two strongest commercially available chess programs; see engine rating lists like CCRL for current rankings. Some speculate that Zappa's more efficient SMP parallel search could make it stronger on enough processors.
In March 2008 Anthony Cozzie announced that "the Zappa project is 100% finished", which includes both tournaments and future releases.
In June 2010, Zach Wegner announced that he had acquired the rights to maintain and improve the Zappa engine. The improved engine competed in the 2010 WCCC under the name Rondo, achieving second place behind Rybka before the latter's disqualification.
Commercialization
Immediately after the successful WCCC 2005, there were plans to commercialize Zappa, but the first attempts with Vincent Diepeveen failed. In April 2006, a commercial version dubbed Zap!Chess running under the Fritz GUI was released by ChessBase.
The version of Zappa that won the Zappa-Rybka match, Zappa Mexico, is sold by Shredder Computer Chess, is compatible with Windows and Linux computers with up to 512 CPU cores and supports multipv analysis and Nalimov tablebases.
Notable games
• Zappa vs Crafty, WCCC 2005, 1-0 Despite Zappa being a relative newcomer, it managed to win the tournament and in general caused a bit of a stir in the computer chess community.
Chess Programming Wiki (CC BY-SA 3.0):
Zappa,
an UCI compliant chess program developed by Anthony Cozzie. Zappa won the WCCC 2005 in Reykjavík, and after the Rybka disqualification in 2011 the WCCC 2007 in Amsterdam, the DOCCC 2005 and CCT7.During the World Chess Championship 2007 in Mexico City, September 2007, Zappa played a match versus Rybka and scored 5.5 / 10 to win the match. Zappa's book authors for different events were Arturo Ochoa (CCT7) and Erdogan Günes.
(...)
Etymology
Zappa is not directly named for Frank Zappa, but from a scene from Austin Powers 2, where Dr. Evil's base in the moon is divided in two units: Moon Unit Alpha and Moon Unit Zappa - the latter being the name of Frank Zappa's daughter, Moon Unit Zappa.
Strictly Commercial
Immediately after the successful WCCC 2005, there were plans to commercialize Zappa. First attempts with Vincent Diepeveen involved failed. In April 2006, a commercial version dubbed Zap!Chess running under the Fritz GUI was released by ChessBase. The version which played the Rybka match, Zappa Mexico, is distributed by Stefan Meyer-Kahlen.
Quote from No Commercial Potential : The Saga of Frank Zappa (1972) by David Walley, p. 4 :
Information is not knowledge
Knowledge is not wisdom
Wisdom is not truth
Jawaka Truth is not beauty
Beauty is not love
Love is not music
Music is the best
Program Internals
Board Representation
Zappa utilizes bitboards and uses rotated bitboards to generate sliding attacks on the fly. Anthony once experimented with incremental updated attack tables, which was a win on 32-bit systems.
Hash Collisions
Excerpt from The Effect of Hash Signature Collisions in a Chess Program, that is Crafty and Zappa :
Both programs are traditional computer chess programs that use the alpha/beta algorithm to search a minimax game tree. The search is done in three distinct phases.
Phase 1 is the normal full-width search that is done to some fixed depth as limited by the total time allowed for a move. This fixed-depth search is modified by various search extensions.
Phase 2 is an add-on search done after the basic search has reached a satisfactory depth. Phase 2 only considers captures in Crafty, while Zappa also includes some checking moves.
Phase 3 is the static evaluation, which takes the current position after phase 2 has completed, and computes a numerical score based on the material, the locations of the pieces, pawn structure, and many other positional considerations. In Crafty/Zappa, all of the hashing is done in phase1 of the search, there is no hashing in the quiescence search.
Singular Extensions
Zap!Chess, the commercial ChessBase version, has an implementation of Singular Extensions, the famous Deep Blue search algorithm. They are disabled by default, but they increase the tactical strength of the program at the cost of positional strength.
Parallel Search
Zappa was designed to run on multiple processors and massive parallel systems using shared memory and threads and has an efficient parallel search. Zappa Mexico can be used on Windows or Linux computers with up to 512 CPU cores.
100% Finished
In March 2008 Anthony Cozzie announced that "the Zappa project is 100% finished", which includes both tournaments and future releases.
(...)
Un moteur de jeu d'échecs, par Anthony Edward Cozzie.
Zappa est une IA de jeu d'échecs (une IA spécialisée dans ce type de jeux) commerciale (la version 1.1 est gratuite) et multi-plateforme, assez puissante (puissance estimée pour la v.1.1 à 2615 Elo classée 162ème, et pour la v. Mexico II à 2967 Elo classée 75ème, sur 2779 candidats au CCRL 40/15, classement "CCRL 404 - All engines" du 16 janvier 2021), communiquant avec le protocole UCI (les protocoles les plus courants sont CECP aka Winboard/Xboard, et UCI). Il avait été classé 1er en 2005 avec le score de 10.5/11 au WCCC (pour World Computer Chess Championship, le championnat du monde d'échecs des ordinateurs).
Ressources et documentations disponibles : voir les fiches "Ressources - Echecs" et "Ressources - Echecs Orientaux".
Zappa est un moteur d'échecs, ou un programme qui joue aux échecs. Il est similaire à Deep Blue - mais en mieux - et est surtout connu pour sa bonne accélération parallèle. Il a participé à de nombreux tournois d'échecs par ordinateur, son meilleur résultat ayant été obtenu lors du championnat mondial d'échecs par ordinateur en 2005, où il a pris la première place avec un score de 10,5 / 11. Comme Fritz ou Shredder, c'est un moteur d'échecs standard, ce qui signifie en termes techniques qu'il s'agit d'un chercheur alpha-bêta à force brute avec une évaluation heuristique.
Vous pouvez en acheter une copie ici. (Voir le site)
Retraite
Le projet Zappa est terminé à 100%. Il comprend à la fois des tournois et des versions futures.
(...)
Caractéristiques
Zappa Mexico peut être utilisé sur des ordinateurs Windows ou Linux avec jusqu'à 512 cœurs de processeur. Malheureusement, la mise en œuvre parallèle repose sur une mémoire partagée, de sorte que vous ne pouvez pas brancher deux ordinateurs ensemble avec un câble ethernet et les utiliser ensemble, sauf si vous êtes prêt à donner plusieurs centaines de milliers de dollars à SGI. Zappa Mexico prend également en charge l'analyse multipv, les tables Nalimov et, en tant que moteur UCI, il peut être utilisé dans la plupart des interfaces graphiques d'échecs standard. À ma connaissance, pas un seul ordinateur n'a pris feu pendant l'utilisation de Zappa.
(...)
Crédits
Zappa est entièrement écrit par moi, Anthony Cozzie, mais j'ai reçu beaucoup d'aide de (sans ordre particulier) Arturo Ochoa, Bob Hyatt, Bruce Moreland, Ed Schroeder, Erdogan Günes, Gunther Simon, Harvey Williamson, Jay Urbanski, Marek Baron, Stefan Meyer-Kahlen, Tord Romstad, Will Singleton, Vincent Diepeveen, Volker Pittlik et Volker Richey.
Télécharger
Zappa Mexico est commercial. Vous pouvez en acheter un exemplaire ici. Cependant, vous pouvez télécharger gratuitement une version plus ancienne. Il s'agit d'un programme en ligne de commande sans échiquier graphique, donc si l'idée de taper des commandes à la main ne vous plaît pas, vous devrez télécharger une interface graphique. Arena est gratuit ; les interfaces graphiques commerciales Chessbase (Fritz), Shredder et ChessPartner devraient également fonctionner. Pour les plus anciens, Zappa est compatible avec WB2 et fonctionnera avec XBoard ou WinBoard. Si vous voulez faire des parties de moteurs, vous devrez également fournir un livre d'ouverture.
🌍️ Wikipedia:
Zappa est un programme d'échecs développé par Anthony Cozzie.
Son nom n'est pas un hommage au guitariste Frank Zappa mais fait référence à une réplique du film Austin Powers 2 : L'Espion qui m'a tirée.
Le programme a été développé sur le thème de l'utilisation optimale de plusieurs processeurs.
En juillet 2005 Zappa gagne un match contre Jaan Ehlvest (3/4). Le mois suivant il remporte le Championnat du monde d'échecs des ordinateurs à Reykjavik sur le score sans appel de 10.5/11.
En 2006, Zappa est commercialisé par Chessbase sous le nom de Zap!Chess avec l'interface de Fritz. Le logiciel comporte 2 modules, Zap!Chess Reykjavik et Zap!Chess Paderborn. Un troisième module, Zap!chess Zanzibar, qui se veut l'ultime version du programme, est disponible via une mise à jour.
Anthony Cozzie est contacté pour jouer un match en 10 parties contre Rybka lors du Championnat du monde d'échecs 2007 en septembre à Mexico. Après quelques modifications mineures, Zappa Mexico est disponible sur shredderchess.com avant le match, qu'il remporte sur le score de 5.5/10.
Zappa a un style de jeu très offensif. Il n'hésite pas à faire ce qui peut s'apparenter à des sacrifices spéculatifs. Mais il n'était (en 2006) réellement performant que sur des ordinateurs ayant au minimum 4 processeurs et un système d'exploitation 64 bits.
En tournoi officiel, Zappa n'a jamais perdu de parties que contre Rybka.
Rondo
Le programme Zappa est maintenant développé par Zach Wegner, qui a réécrit la totalité du code source. Ce programme, sous le nom de Rondo, a fini deuxième derrière Rybka lors du 18e championnat du monde d'échecs des ordinateurs (WCCC) et deuxième derrière Shredder à la première édition du championnat du monde des programmes d'échecs (WCSC, les programmes utilisent le même Hardware.), qui se sont tous deux déroulés à Kanazawa en 2010.
Après une enquête approfondie par l'International Computer Games Association (ICGA) au sujet de Rybka, qui était classé 1er de 2007 à 2010, ce programme a été déchu de ses titres, pour des raisons de plagiat des programmes Crafty et Fruit (information du 29 juin 2011)1. Rondo est donc désormais considéré vainqueur du championnat du monde d'échecs des ordinateurs.
Rondo est pour l'instant un programme privé.
Pour jouer avec ce moteur, utilisez une interface graphique de jeu telle que (testé & validé): Eboard, Knights,